Founded by Confucius, emphasizing benevolence, propriety, and filial piety. It is not only a philosophy but also the cornerstone of social order and family ethics in East Asia.

Represented by Laozi and Zhuangzi, advocating the Way of Nature and effortless action. It seeks harmony with nature and inner stillness, deeply influencing Chinese art and lifestyle.

Originating in India, it developed into Chan (Zen) and Pure Land schools in China. It emphasizes karma, cultivation, and enlightenment, with profound influence on Chinese thought, literature, and art.

Represented by Han Feizi and Shang Yang, advocating governing by law with strict rewards and punishments. It profoundly shaped China's ancient political institutions.

Founded by Mozi, promoting universal love, anti-aggression, and elevation of the worthy. It reflects early Chinese logic and scientific spirit.

Blending Confucianism, Daoism, Buddhism, and local deities such as Guandi, Mazu, and Tudigong. It reflects the inclusiveness and secularity of Chinese beliefs, with rich festivals and rituals.